AP Physics 1 · Unit 6
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): every key term you need
11 flashcard terms for AP Physics 1 Unit 6, written to match the course framework. Study them here, then drill them as interactive flashcards — free, no account needed.
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Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) Oscillation about equilibrium; restoring force proportional to displacement. a = -ω²x.
Restoring Force Force toward equilibrium. F = -kx (spring). Proportional to displacement but opposite direction.
Spring Constant (k) Stiffness of spring. F = -kx. Stiffer spring = larger k. Units: N/m.
Period of Spring T = 2π√(m/k). Heavier mass → longer period. Stiffer spring → shorter period.
Pendulum Period T = 2π√(L/g). Depends on length, gravity. Independent of mass/amplitude (small angle).
Energy in SHM Total = kinetic + potential = constant. At equilibrium: max KE, min PE. At extremes: min KE, max PE.
Amplitude Maximum displacement from equilibrium. Determines energy (E ∝ A²). All oscillations same frequency, different amplitudes.
Frequency & Period Frequency f = 1/T. Angular frequency ω = 2πf = 2π/T. SHM frequency independent of amplitude.
Equations of SHM x(t) = A·cos(ωt + φ). v(t) = -Aω·sin(ωt + φ). a(t) = -Aω²·cos(ωt + φ).
Damping Friction reduces amplitude over time. Underdamped: oscillates (slow decay). Overdamped: no oscillation. Critical: returns slowly to equilibrium.
Unit 6 Summary SHM: oscillation with F ∝ displacement. Period depends on mass/stiffness (spring) or length/gravity (pendulum). Energy transforms between KE and PE.
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